Mutações do gene do EGFR humano 29

O câncer de pulmão se tornou a principal causa de mortes por câncer em todo o mundo, ameaçando seriamente a saúde humana. O câncer de pulmão de células não pequenas é responsável por cerca de 80% dos pacientes com câncer de pulmão. Atualmente, o EGFR é o alvo molecular mais importante para o tratamento do câncer de pulmão de células não pequenas. The phosphorylation of EGFR can promote tumor cell growth, differentiation, invasion, metastasis, anti-apoptosis, and promote tumor angiogenesis. EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) can block the EGFR signaling pathway by inhibiting EGFR autophosphorylation, thereby inhibiting the proliferation and differentiation of tumor cells, promoting tumor cell apoptosis, reducing tumor angiogenesis, etc., so as to achieve tumor targeted therapy. A large number of studies have shown that the therapeutic efficacy of EGFR-TKI is closely related to the status of EGFR gene mutation, and can specifically inhibit the growth of tumor cells with EGFR gene mutation. O gene EGFR está localizado no braço curto do cromossomo 7 (7p12), com um comprimento total de 200kb e consiste em 28 éxons. The mutated region is mainly located in exons 18 to 21, codons 746 to 753 deletion mutation on exon 19 accounts for about 45% and the L858R mutation on exon 21 accounts for about 40% to 45%. The NCCN Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer clearly states that EGFR gene mutation testing is required before EGFR-TKI administration. This test kit is used to guide the administration of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) drugs, and provide the basis for personalized medicine for patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Este kit é usado apenas para a detecção de mutações comuns no gene EGFR em pacientes com câncer de pulmão de células não pequenas. Os resultados dos testes são apenas para referência clínica e não devem ser usados ​​como base única para o tratamento individualizado dos pacientes. Clinicians should consider the patient's condition, drug indications, and treatment The reaction and other laboratory test indicators and other factors are used to comprehensively judge the test results.